Patients receiving hormone replacement therapy or had undergone
Hormone therapy, as well as chemotherapy, carried out a long time, years and a significant number of patients - an outpatient basis. It is carried out mainly in patients with hormone-dependent malignant tumors: prostate, breast, thyroid, reproductive organs.
Hormonal drugs not only have an effect on the tumor and reproductive (sex) organs, but also affect metabolism (protein, fat, carbohydrate), the exchange of sodium, potassium, calcium, cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract, nervous system on the bodies of hematopoiesis and immunity. Hormone therapy is accompanied by a noticeable violation of the functions of these organs and systems.
Complications of androgen therapy (treatment of male sex hormones). Androgenic drugs (methyltestosterone, metilandrostendiol, testosterone propionate, testosterone enanthate, sustanon-250, testenat, medrotestrona propionate, etc.) are mainly used in the treatment of breast cancer, predominantly in women of reproductive (childbearing) age. The main complication of regular and prolonged use of these drugs - masculinization (omuzhestvlenie) patients. Stop menstruation (amenorrhea). Appear deepening of the voice, the vegetation on the upper lip and chin, ogrubevaet facial skin, and shows the acne (acne). This complication is poorly tolerated by patients. Some refuse further treatment. In this difficult patient for morale around to support her, to convince the subsequent reversibility of the changes, to awaken her will to continue the struggle for health.
Long-term treatment with androgens may be complicated by the onset of climacteric neurosis that requires correcting treatment. Effect of androgens on metabolism is manifested in increasing anabolism, the process of assimilation and synthesis. There are obesity, high concentrations of calcium and sodium in the blood, edema, hypertension. Necessary supervision and systematic monitoring of the condition of the patient, systematic laboratory studies of blood. This may prevent violations that impede the continuation of hormone replacement therapy (swelling of the body, drowsiness, loss of appetite, nausea).
Complications of estrogen (female sex hormone treatment). Estrogenic drugs: hexestrol, diethylstilbestrol, mikrofollin, hlortrianizen, fosfestrol - used in breast and prostate. The most common complication is a disturbance of mineral metabolism. Increases the amount of calcium and sodium in the blood while decreasing the amount of potassium. The growth of hypercalcemia can lead to serious complications. While estrogen is necessary to systematically monitor the content of calcium in the blood. It should also monitor the patient's body weight as a violation of mineral metabolism leading to fluid retention and weight gain. Change the sodium-potassium metabolism leads to cardiac abnormalities, angina attack and development of hypertension. Frequent and regular complication of estrogen in women are uterine bleeding, sometimes heavy, frightening the patient. Of the same origin and swelling, increase healthy breast, the nipple and areola pigmentation, pain them. Men also sometimes swelling of the breast, tenderness of them. Due to metabolic disorders increases the amount of protein in blood plasma - albuminosis, which leads to increased clotting and blood viscosity. There is danger of thromboembolic complications, especially in patients suffering from varicose veins of the lower extremities. Long-term estrogen is accompanied by a decrease in the amount of hemoglobin, red blood cells and platelets. There is increased bleeding. The best prevention of these complications - a constant monitoring of blood composition, weight and general condition of patients. Timely information oncologist about all the deviations seen in the condition of patients is required.
Often the first days of estrogen, patients complain of nausea, anorexia, recurrent vomiting, and diarrhea. These effects usually disappear without a trace in the course of treatment, sometimes 1-2 weeks. Limiting consumption of salt and lactic Diet is almost always eliminate them. Unpleasant complication is cystitis with frequent urging to urinate and painful. It comes as a result of estrogen stimulation of the bladder mucosa Cystitis relatively quickly eliminated the use of medicinal products (candles with strychnine and novocaine, etc.). Of all complications seen a must inform the oncologist
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