Colorectal cancer (colon cancer) - a medical definition of a malignant tumor of the mucous membrane of the colon (colon) or rectum (rectum). Combining direct tumor, sigmoid, colon and cecum in one statistical unit is not accidental. Tumors of these gastrointestinal tract have similar causes and mechanism of the development, manifestations and complications, methods of diagnosis and treatment.
Rectal cancer is the frequency of 6-7-th place among the other sites, accounting for about 4-5% of all cancers. Among the locations in the bowel cancer, colon belongs to the first place (70-80% of all cancers of the intestine).
The most frequently observed with colon cancer at the age of 40-60 years, but it may also occur at a younger age (20-30 years), and even more frequently than other forms of cancer. Women and men are sick with the same frequency.
Go to previous disease, which is associated with a colorectal cancer include chronic inflammation of the rectum (proctitis, ulcers), complications of long-existing hemorrhoids - fissures, fistulas, and above all polyps and polyposis of the colon.
Rectal cancer, respectively, the tumor is divided into the following forms:
a) high supraampullary cancer, often dense scirrhoma, annular tapered intestine and rapidly leads to stenosis;
b) ampullyary cancer, usually adenocarcinoma of the structure, the most common, growing as exophytic tumor or in the form crateriform bleeding ulcer with infiltrated the base;
c) anal cancer arising directly above the anus in the form of solid tumor or ulcer, often having squamous cell structure.
It should be noted that in the rectum, there are other types of tumors, malignant melanoma or sarcoma. According to its clinical course and treatments they differ little from the cancer process.
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