Craniopharyngiomas - a benign brain tumor, embryonic origin, usually located in the hypothalamic-pituitary region and the developing embryonic cells of the pharyngeal Rathke's pouch. With the increase in tumor tissue may have a cyst filled with yellow-brown liquid with a high content of protein and cholesterol. Can occur at any age (usually in children).
Craniopharyngiomas are 1,2-4,6% of all intracranial tumors. Incidence - 0,5-2,5 cases per 1 million popul... Read more »
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Identify two clinical-pathological forms of craniopharyngiomas - adamantinomatoznuyu and papillary.
Craniopharyngiomas pituitary causes of hyperprolactinemia, disrupting transport of dopamine from the hypothalamus to the adenohypophysis. They represent calcified cystic space-occupying lesions located suprasellyarno.
Craniopharyngiomas arise from remnants of Rathke's pouch - ectodermal structures that are developing adenohypophysis. Craniopharyngiomas... Read more »
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Craniopharyngiomas may go undetected for years. As a rule, craniopharyngiomas occur between 10 and 20 years. About 55-60% kraniofaringiom - cystic Education - 15% solid, 25-30% have a mixed structure. The tumor arises suprasellyarno, as they grow, it compresses the optic chiasm, hypothalamus and adenohypophysis gipofiz.Sekretsiya hormone is absent or greatly reduced. Sometimes the affected neurohypophysis, which leads to diabetes insipidus. Typical manifestations of... Read more »
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Increased intracranial pressure, affects vision, mental development, there is a partial hypopituitarism or hypofunction of adenohypophysis (eg, growth hormone deficiency in children), sometimes marked hyperprolactinemia. When the survey reveal an increase in skull radiography, or thinning of the walls of the sella, in 80% of children and 40% of adults identify the major intra-or ekstrasellyarnye calcified education. The tumor is usually clearly visible on CT and MRI... Read more »
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Treatment of craniopharyngiomas - surgical. If you can not completely remove the tumor, after surgery resorted to external beam radiotherapy or stereotactic radiation surgery.
Tumor resection removes excess pressure on adjacent brain structures. Radiation therapy inhibits tumor growth in 70-90% of patients. Although surgery and radiation therapy is often combined. If necessary, a hormone replacement therapy.
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